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The International Diabetes Institute recommends building and balancing meals with foods from all food groups using carbohydrates as the base, moderate amounts of protein and less fat, sugar, salt and alcohol.

Containing starch or natural sugar, carbohydrate foods include breads, breakfast cereals, pasta, rice, grains, legumes, fruits, vegetables and dry, low fat biscuits.

Balance blood glucose levels with at least one slow acting carbohydrate (low Glycaemic Index food) because they are slow to digest.

Protein is needed for body growth and repair but should be used moderately. Include 1-2 serves (a serve is 85g) each day.

Foods high in fat, salt or sugar can be eaten occasionally
Bitter gourd (karela) contains an insulin-likes substance known as plant-insulin which has been found to be effective in lowering blood sugar levels.